Nükleer santrallerde meydana gelen atıklar ve zararları ile ilgili bilgi düzeyi ölçülmesi
[ X ]
Tarih
2020
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
İstanbul Esenyurt Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
In the 21st century, technology is progressing in a dizzying way, and therefore the need for qualified manpower is constantly increasing. The need for qualified employee power has also increased the value given to human and Occupational Health and Safety, which is intertwined with many disciplines, is a separate and independent science. OHS aims to explain the causes and consequences of occupational accidents and occupational diseases, and the studies and measures necessary for their absence, methods. The main purpose of OHS is to ensure that all employees work in a healthier and more comfortable business life with scientific and technical data. As OHS, like a living organism, is directly affected by technological developments, it has to adapt itself to all innovations in technology and renew it dynamically. One of the basic needs of obtaining sufficient efficiency from our working life and providing decent work opportunities is to create healthy and safe workplaces. Working conditions in the world change over time and this change constantly creates new risks in the field of OHS. The increase in the world population, the mechanization and digitalization seen with technological developments brings with it the limitations of job opportunities, and this creates the unemployment problem. These developments make it difficult to solve the problems existing in the field of OHS and also cause different kinds of problems. As can be seen, occupational health and safety policies are a very dynamic area that must be followed continuously. Production methods are changing radically with industry 4.0, which is the common denominator of information and information networks and defining new technological systems. The reflections of these developments will affect working life deeply in the upcoming period. Undoubtedly, this process will have important repercussions on the field of OHS. Within this framework, studies should be carried out to raise awareness regarding digitalization and industry 4.0. Key Words : Occupational Health and Safety, Technology, Software
Energy is called the ability to do business briefly. In today's world, energy is an indispensable resource. Human beings need energy for almost every work they do. Energy is generally divided into two parts; renewable energy and non renewable energy. Today, energy resources are largely used in world countries. Examples of this type of energy are wood, oil, natural gas, coal and nuclear energy. This is a result of the use of energy resources both in Turkey and also occur very serious environmental problems and global disasters in the world. At the beginning of these disasters, damage to the layer of the bard, climatic changes and global warming come. The reserves of non-renewable energy resources will be depleted in the near future. For this reason, countries have to meet the energy they need from another country. This situation also affects the economy of the countries seriously. On the other hand, renewable energy sources are needed as an alternative to non-renewable energy resources for the energy required to improve the countries' quality of life and development of people. Renewable energy sources; geothermal energy, solar energy, wind energy, hydraulic energy, tidal and wave energies are examples. The world and particularly in the number of people who want to be unwilling as the establishment of nuclear power plants in Turkey is very high. Nuclear power plants have the advantage as well as disadvantages. The most important advantages are the following three items. First, 24/7 energy can be produced regardless of season, day or time. There is continuity here. Secondly ; as opposed to other energy sources that do not renew, it is an environmentally sensitive energy resource. In particular, it does not need to produce greenhouse gases and leave the settlements where people are located. Finally, ta; high efficiency and low fuel costs, especially in the production of electricity. There are also negative aspects of nuclear power plants. In particular, the cost of building power plants is very high and some countries with weak economies can not benefit from this type of energy source. The most striking point is; accidents occurring in nuclear power plants. These accidents can have a serious bad effect on the environment of the plant. In this study, firstly information about energy types and nuclear energy was given and the subjects about waste management, especially radioactive waste were discussed. Then, the positive and negative effects of these power plants were emphasized and the nuclear law was mentioned. Finally, information on the damage to our environment and the prevention of these damages has been given in the clean and environmentally friendly nuclear power plants. In this study, it is emphasized that electrical energy, which is predicted to be one of the future problems of Turkey and the world, will be supplied from nuclear power plants. However, the damages to the environment caused by the wastes occurring in nuclear power plants are very serious. Studies have been carried out on the definition of these wastes. In this section, the environmental impacts of nuclear power plants have been studied. While no studies on the effectiveness and efficiency of nuclear energy in our country, it does any nuclear power plant owned by Turkey. In this context, although this study examines the harmful effects of nuclear energy to the environment, this study has 8 chapters. In the first chapter, energy resources and nuclear energy are discussed and renewable energy sources are excluded. In addition, in this section, the wastes of the non-renewable energy sources are treated briefly in the environmental damage. In the third chapter, waste management and classification of waste are discussed and radioactive waste, which is composed of nuclear power plants, is examined extensively. As a result, in the fourth section, the management of radioactive wastes and general information about these wastes are given and how to store and dispose of radioactive wastes is discussed. Examples of how these wastes will be stored are given from some countries. In the fifth chapter, the effects of nuclear power plants in terms of XIII environment and society are examined and the damages to human and environment are examined separately. In addition, how these effects are minimized is discussed in this thesis. In the sixth part, the accidents in nuclear power plants and the results of these accidents are examined. This section is based on the most important accidents in Chernobyl and Fukishima nuclear power plants. İn the seventh part, the questionnaire study, which takes into consideration the nuclear power plants of the associate degree students and their positive and negative aspects, is taken. The survey is in the form of an interview, and the answers given by the candidates to the questions were given without changing briefly. And these answers are compared with the results of some studies. In the last section, the results of this survey and the topic of discussion are discussed.
Energy is called the ability to do business briefly. In today's world, energy is an indispensable resource. Human beings need energy for almost every work they do. Energy is generally divided into two parts; renewable energy and non renewable energy. Today, energy resources are largely used in world countries. Examples of this type of energy are wood, oil, natural gas, coal and nuclear energy. This is a result of the use of energy resources both in Turkey and also occur very serious environmental problems and global disasters in the world. At the beginning of these disasters, damage to the layer of the bard, climatic changes and global warming come. The reserves of non-renewable energy resources will be depleted in the near future. For this reason, countries have to meet the energy they need from another country. This situation also affects the economy of the countries seriously. On the other hand, renewable energy sources are needed as an alternative to non-renewable energy resources for the energy required to improve the countries' quality of life and development of people. Renewable energy sources; geothermal energy, solar energy, wind energy, hydraulic energy, tidal and wave energies are examples. The world and particularly in the number of people who want to be unwilling as the establishment of nuclear power plants in Turkey is very high. Nuclear power plants have the advantage as well as disadvantages. The most important advantages are the following three items. First, 24/7 energy can be produced regardless of season, day or time. There is continuity here. Secondly ; as opposed to other energy sources that do not renew, it is an environmentally sensitive energy resource. In particular, it does not need to produce greenhouse gases and leave the settlements where people are located. Finally, ta; high efficiency and low fuel costs, especially in the production of electricity. There are also negative aspects of nuclear power plants. In particular, the cost of building power plants is very high and some countries with weak economies can not benefit from this type of energy source. The most striking point is; accidents occurring in nuclear power plants. These accidents can have a serious bad effect on the environment of the plant. In this study, firstly information about energy types and nuclear energy was given and the subjects about waste management, especially radioactive waste were discussed. Then, the positive and negative effects of these power plants were emphasized and the nuclear law was mentioned. Finally, information on the damage to our environment and the prevention of these damages has been given in the clean and environmentally friendly nuclear power plants. In this study, it is emphasized that electrical energy, which is predicted to be one of the future problems of Turkey and the world, will be supplied from nuclear power plants. However, the damages to the environment caused by the wastes occurring in nuclear power plants are very serious. Studies have been carried out on the definition of these wastes. In this section, the environmental impacts of nuclear power plants have been studied. While no studies on the effectiveness and efficiency of nuclear energy in our country, it does any nuclear power plant owned by Turkey. In this context, although this study examines the harmful effects of nuclear energy to the environment, this study has 8 chapters. In the first chapter, energy resources and nuclear energy are discussed and renewable energy sources are excluded. In addition, in this section, the wastes of the non-renewable energy sources are treated briefly in the environmental damage. In the third chapter, waste management and classification of waste are discussed and radioactive waste, which is composed of nuclear power plants, is examined extensively. As a result, in the fourth section, the management of radioactive wastes and general information about these wastes are given and how to store and dispose of radioactive wastes is discussed. Examples of how these wastes will be stored are given from some countries. In the fifth chapter, the effects of nuclear power plants in terms of XIII environment and society are examined and the damages to human and environment are examined separately. In addition, how these effects are minimized is discussed in this thesis. In the sixth part, the accidents in nuclear power plants and the results of these accidents are examined. This section is based on the most important accidents in Chernobyl and Fukishima nuclear power plants. İn the seventh part, the questionnaire study, which takes into consideration the nuclear power plants of the associate degree students and their positive and negative aspects, is taken. The survey is in the form of an interview, and the answers given by the candidates to the questions were given without changing briefly. And these answers are compared with the results of some studies. In the last section, the results of this survey and the topic of discussion are discussed.
Açıklama
Enstitüler, Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Ana Bilim Dalı
Anahtar Kelimeler
Nükleer Mühendislik, Nuclear Engineering, Energy, Nuclear Power Plants, Waste
