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Is Implant Washing and Wound Irrigation with Rifampicin Effective for Preventing Surgical Site Infections in Lumbar Instrumentation?
(Turkish Neurosurgical Soc, 2018) Karaarslan, Numan; Yılmaz, İbrahim; Özbek, Hanefi; Oznam, Kadir; Ateş, Özkan; Erdem, Ilknur
AIM: To determine whether the washing of implants and autogenous bone grafts with rifampicin, and the irrigation of the surgical field using diluted rifampicin, have any significant effect on the prevention of spinal implant infections. MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 166 consecutive lumbar stenosis and spondylolisthesis patients undergoing lumbar instrumentation between 2012 and 2016 were analyzed retrospectively. The patients were divided into two groups. Group I (n=85) included patients whose implants were washed with rifampicin immediately before insertion and whose surgical fields were irrigated with diluted rifampicin immediately after insertion. Group II (n=81) included the cases without rifampicin application. Both groups were matched for age, sex, body mass index, and surgical indication. The infection rates of the groups were compared during the first 2 postoperative years. RESULTS: No significant difference was found between the infection rate in Group I and Group II. Only 1 case had surgical site infection (SSI) in Group I, a rate of 1.17% (1 of 85 patients), whereas 2 patients had SSI in Group II, a rate of 2.46% (2 of 81 patients). CONCLUSION: Peroperative washing of implants with rifampicin and irrigation of the surgical field using diluted rifampicin have not been found to be significantly effective in preventing or reducing spinal implant infections. However, further studies with larger series need to be carried out to verify these results.
Prognostic Factors in Patients who Underwent Aneurysmal Clipping due to Spontaneous Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
(Turkish Neurosurgical Soc, 2016) Orakdogen, Metin; Emon, Selin Tural; Somay, Hakan; Engin, Taner; Ateş, Özkan; Berkman, Mehmet Zafer
AIM: Despite technical and medical advances, aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhages (SAH) continue to be a challenging pathology, associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. In this regard, a definition is required of the various prognostic indicators of an SAH. The aim of the present retrospective study is to examine the various prognostic factors of the clinical outcomes of the patients who underwent a neurosurgical clipping of aneurysms due to aneurysmal SAH. MATERIAL and METHODS: The data of 104 patients that had suffered an aneurysmal SAH were analyzed. The baseline demographic, clinical and radiological data were all analyzed. The prognostic study was derived from an analysis of these variables. Relationship between prognostic factors and outcome was evaluated by univariate and logistic multivariate regression analysis. RESULTS: This study has identified unfavorable outcomes on the Glasgow Outcome Scale at discharge after the surgical treatment of aneurysmal SAH associated with increased age, poor World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS) grade on admission, higher Fisher's grade on admission computed tomography scan, larger aneurysm, and clinical vasospasm. In a multivariate logistic regression analysis, age, high WFNS grade, positive clinical vasospasm and size of aneurysm were found to be independent risk factors for mortality. The presence of hydrocephalus, number of aneurysms, positive risk factors, and the presence of Doppler vasospasm did not reach statistical significance. CONCLUSION: The most important prognostic factors in patients undergoing surgery due to aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage were WFNS grade, age, size of aneurysm and clinical vasospasm.
Are Specific Gene Expressions of Extracellular Matrix and Nucleus Pulposus Affected by Primary Cell Cultures Prepared from Intact or Degenerative Intervertebral Disc Tissues?
(Turkish Neurosurgical Soc, 2019) Karaarslan, Numan; Yılmaz, İbrahim; Özbek, Hanefi; Yasar Sirin, Duygu; Kaplan, Necati; Akyuva, Yener; Gonultas, Aylin
AIM: To determine the gene expression patterns of nucleus pulposus (NP) in cell cultures obtained from degenerated or intact tissues. MATERIAL and METHODS: Whereas 12 of the cases were diagnosed with lumbar disc herniation and had undergone lumbar microdiscectomy, 12 cases had undergone traumatic intervertebral discectomy and corpectomy, along with discectomy after spinal trauma. NP-specific markers and gene expressions of the reagents of the extracellular matrix in the experimental setup were tested at the 0th, 24th, and 48th hours by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Visual evaluations were simultaneously made in all samples using invert and fluorescence microscopy. Vitality and proliferation analyses were evaluated by UV spectrophotometer. As a method of statistical evaluation, Spearman was used for categorical variants, and the Pearson correlation was used for variants with numerical and plain distribution. RESULTS: No association was found either between the tissue type and times (r=0.000; p=1.000) or between the region that the tissue was obtained from and hypoxia transcription factor-1 alpha (HIF-1 alpha) gene expression (r=0.098; p=0.245). There was no correlation between cell proliferation and chondroadherin (CHAD) expression or between type II collagen (COL2A1) and CHAD gene expressions. It was found that CHAD and HIF-1 alpha gene expressions and HIF-1 alpha and COL2A1 gene expressions affected cell proliferation. CONCLUSION: Cell culture setups are of paramount importance because they may influence the pattern of changes in the gene expressions of the cells used in these setups.
The effect of problem-solving and decision-making education on problem-solving and decision-making skills of nurse managers: A randomized controlled trial
(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2024) Kusakli, Berra Yilmaz; Sonmez, Betul
Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the effect of an education program developed to improve the problem-solving and decision-making skills of nurse managers through both self- and subordinate evaluations and to compare it with a control group without training. Background: The most basic skill that managers should have is effective problem-solving and decision-making skills. Nevertheless, studies indicate that nurse managers' problem-solving and decision-making skills are at a moderate level and need to be improved. Design: Randomized controlled, pre-test-post-test, intervention and control group design. The study was conducted at a tertiary hospital in Istanbul, T & uuml;rkiye. The sample consisted of 60 nurse managers (30 intervention and 30 control groups) and 300 nurses or nurse managers working as subordinates. Methods: After assessing the problem-solving and decision-making skills of nurse managers in the intervention and control groups by themselves and their subordinates, educational intervention was provided to the intervention-group. The problem-solving and decision-making education consists of two full days of interactive training based on case studies. Subsequent to the training, nurse managers in the intervention-group underwent a second follow-up. The third follow-up for the intervention-group, as well as the second follow-up for the controlgroup and all subordinates, were conducted in the third month after the training. Data were analysed using descriptive tests, independent sample t-test and dependent sample t-test for comparisons and repeated measures analysis of variance for the effectiveness of the training program. Results: Significant differences were found between the mean scores of the intervention-group nurse managers in problem-solving and decision-making pre and post-test (t=-11.005, p<.001) and case evaluations (t=-10.03, p<.001). Moreover, significant differences were identified in the assessment of pre-training, post-training and 3month post-training average scores of overall problem-solving (F=93.643, p<.001) and rational (F=7.331, p=.007), dependent (F=13.607, p<.001), avoidant (F=11.543, p<.001) and spontaneous decision-making style (F=4.393, p<.001). When evaluated by the subordinates of the nurse managers in the intervention-group, there was a notable difference in the mean scores of overall problem-solving (t=-16.237, p=.001) and rational (t=3.472, p=.001) and dependent decision-making styles (t=4.161, p=.001) before and 3-months after the training. Conclusions: The study uncovered that the problem-solving and decision-making training provided to nurse managers led to enhancements in their respective abilities, a progression that was also noted by their subordinates. The findings underscore the significance of case-based training programs tailored to enhance the problem-solving and decision-making competencies of nurse managers.
DETERMINATION OF MICROBIOLOGICAL QUALITY AND HEAVY METAL RESIDUAL LEVELS IN BOTTLED SPRING AND NATURAL MINE L WATERS
(Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2021) Akhan, Meryem; Akkaya, Esra; Ergun, Ozer; Hampikyan, Hamparsun; Colak, Hilal; Bingol, Enver Baris
Water is a vital food material for humans and other living things to survive. Recent developments in various industrial sectors, urbanization and the spread of agriculture based on modern techniques have resulted in increased contamination of water with heavy metals and microbial agents. This study was conducted to investigate the concentrations of selected heavy metals in spring and natural mineral waters and to determine the microbiological qualities of them. For this purpose, 200 spring and 200 natural mineral waters were collected and analyzed microbilogically and chemically for the residual quantities of Pb, As, Hg, Cd, Cu using 1CP-MS technique. Pb, As and Cu concentrations were higher to the limit values of the regulations in 13 (6.5%) of spring and in 72 (36%) of natural mineral waters. Moreover, TVBC was found to be above the limit values in 33 (8.25%) of the analyzed samples, while any conforms, fecal coliforms or E.coli were detected. As a result, it's important to carry out routine microbiological screening of waters on the basis of welding, filling units and filling containers, continuously monitoring of heavy metals in water samples and to take preventive measures to prohibit environmental pollution by heavy metals' contamination in order to protect the public health.
The relationship between diabetes burden and health-related quality of life in elderly people with diabetes
(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2023) Yildirim, Guelay; Rashidi, Mahruk; Karaman, Funda; Genc, Asli; Jafarov, Guelsah uensal; Kiskac, Nese; Ulusoy, Ibrahim
Background: One of the most common chronic diseases in the elderly is diabetes. When diabetes is not well controlled, it can cause complications and affect health-related quality of life. Determining the burden of diabetes in elderly patients can provide a good health-related quality of life.Aim: The study was conducted to examine the relationship between diabetes burden and health-related quality of life in elderly patients with diabetes.Methods: This is a descriptive and correlational study of 207 patients who applied to the diabetes outpatient clinics of a private and a public hospital in Istanbul. Respondents were completed with Personal Information Form for Elderly People, Elderly Diabetes Burden Scale and the Quality of Life in the Elderly Scale. Data were analyzed by SPSS. The tests used are Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal Wallis and Spearman Correlation tests.Results: The mean total score from the Elderly Diabetes Burden Scale was 47.13 +/- 11.95 (18-88), and the mean score from the Quality of Life in the Elderly Scale was 19.36 +/- 7.00. In the study, as the total diabetes burden score of the elderly patients increased, the Quality of Life in the Elderly Scale score decreased. There was a difference between the mean total score of the Elderly Diabetes Burden Scale and gender, education, living alone and using oral antidiabetic (p < 0.05).Conclusions: As a result it was determined, a negative correlation was found between the diabetes CASP-19 scale total score and the total EDBS. Determining the burden of diabetes and affecting factors in elderly is important in terms of increasing the health-related quality of life. It may be recommended to plan diabetes education pro-grams that will reduce the burden of diabetes and increase the health-related quality of life in elderly patients.
Delivering Growth Factors through a Polymeric Scaffold to Cell Cultures Containing both Nucleus Pulposus and Annulus Fibrosus
(Turkish Neurosurgical Soc, 2019) Akyuva, Yener; Kaplan, Necati; Yılmaz, İbrahim; Özbek, Hanefi; Yasar Sirin, Duygu; Karaaslan, Numan; Guler, Olcay
AIM: To design a novel, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based polymeric scaffold that permits the controlled release of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1)/bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2 following intervertebral disc administration. MATERIAL and METHODS: The drug delivery system was composed of two different solutions that formed a scaffold within seconds of coming into contact with each other. Swelling, pH, and temperature tests and analysis of the controlled release of growth factors (GFs) from this system were performed. The release kinetics of the GFs were determined through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Cell proliferation and viability were monitored with microscopy and analyzed using an MTT assay and acridine orange/propidium iodide (AO/PI) staining. Chondroadherin (CHAD), hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1 alpha), and collagen type II (COL2A1) gene expressions were determined with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis to show the effects of IGF-1/BMP-2 administration on annulus fibrosus cell (AFC)/nucleus pulposus cell (NPC) cultures. For the statistical evaluation of the obtained data, experimental groups were compared with a post hoc Tukey's test following an analysis of variance. RESULTS: The scaffold allowed for the controlled release of IGF-1 and BMP-2 in different time intervals. It was observed that as the application time increased, the number of cells and the degree of extracellular matrix development increased in AFC/NPC cultures. AO/PI staining and an MTT analysis showed that cells retained their specific morphology and continued to proliferate. It was observed that HIF-1 alpha and CHAD expression increased in a time-dependent manner, and no COL2A1 expression in the AFC/NPC cultures was observed. CONCLUSION: The designed scaffold may be used as an alternative method for intervertebral disc administration of GFs after further in vivo studies. Such prototype scaffolds may be an innovative technology in targeted drug therapies after reconstructive neurosurgical interventions.
Systematic Evaluation of Desmopressin Administered to Patients with Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in the Light of the Literature
(Turkish Neurosurgical Soc, 2020) Karaarslan, Numan; Yılmaz, İbrahim; Akgun, Feride Sinem; Çalışkan, Tezcan; Özbek, Hanefi; Ateş, Özkan
AIM: To discuss the management of patients with the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) developing after subarachnoid hemorrhage, in a comparative manner in the light of the literature. MATERIAL and METHODS: Without country or language restrictions, articles with high evidential value found in electronic databases were compared to our patients' data. RESULTS: After the literature review, three articles were included for systematic evaluation. Desmopressin was administered to the patients for the treatment of hyponatremia, volume contraction, and negative sodium balance caused by SIADH. However, it was not used for preventing re-bleeding. CONCLUSION: To prevent the development of this complication (SIADH), the use of desmopressin, an analogue of vasopressin, is important in routine clinical practice.
Systematic Evaluation of Promising Clinical Trials-Gene Silencing for the Treatment of Glioblastoma
(Turkish Neurosurgical Soc, 2019) Karaarslan, Numan; Yılmaz, İbrahim; Özbek, Hanefi; Çalışkan, Tezcan; Topuk, Savas; Yasar Sirin, Duygu; Ateş, Özkan
AIM: To systematically investigate the role of artificial small interfering RNA (SiRNA) molecules in glioblastoma treatment and to give a detailed overview of the literature concerning studies performed in this field worldwide in the last 31 years. MATERIAL and METHODS: Articles about clinical trials conducted between December 1, 1949 and November 8, 2017, were identified from the Cochrane Collaboration, the Cochrane Library, Ovid MEDLINE, ProQuest, the National Library of Medicine, and PubMed electronic databases, using the terms post transcriptional gene silencing, small interfering RNA, siRNA, and glioblastoma, either individually or combined (OR and AND), without language and country restrictions. Articles that met the examination criteria were included in the study. After descriptive statistical evaluation, the results were reported in frequency (%). RESULTS: After scanning 2.752 articles, five articles were found that met the research criteria. Examination of full texts of the five identified articles provided no sufficient evidence for research conducted with regard to the use of gene silencing via siRNAs in glioblastoma treatment. CONCLUSION: To be able to evaluate the clinical use of siRNAs, there is an urgent need for in vivo studies and for trials with randomized, controlled, and clinical designs that provide long-term functional outcomes.
Comparison of antioxidant, phenolic profile, melatonin, and volatile compounds of some selected plant samples
(Wiley, 2024) Binici, Halil İbrahim; Sat, Ihsan Gungor; Yilmaz, Bilal
It was aimed to examine the antioxidant, phenolic profile, and volatile compound contents of seven different aromatic plant samples (broccoli, yarpuz, walnut leaves, marshmallow, wild clary, harmala, and common yarrow) collected from Adilcevaz district of Bitlis province in T & uuml;rkiye. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) device was used for the volatile profile of the plant varieties. The most abundant volatile compounds were generally heptacosane compound that showed anticancer and antimicrobial effects. Piperitone oxide was detected only in yarpuz samples. Phenolic content and antioxidant activity of the plant samples were found to be highly significant (p < .01). When the amounts of total flavonoids were ranked from the largest to the smallest according to plant varieties, it was determined as wild clary > walnut leaves > yarpuz > common yarrow > marshmallow > harmala > broccoli. According to both antioxidant activity methods, wild clary had the lowest IC50 (half-maximal inhibitory concentration) value, i.e. the highest antioxidant activity. The highest amount of epicatechin was determined in yarpuz (898.30 mu g/g) and the lowest amount of epicatechin was determined in wild clary (86.09 mu g/g). No epicatechin was detected in the other four plant samples. Among the samples, melatonin hormone was detected only in common yarrow, harmala, and broccoli and the highest value was determined in common yarrow (3996.27 ng/g). Therefore, it shows that plant samples are rich sources of phytochemicals that can play an important role in preventing the progression of many diseases related to oxidative stress in traditional medicine treatment as functional food sources.
The Relationship Between Work Environment and Missed Nursing Care in Nurses: The Moderator Role of Profession Self-Efficacy
(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2024) Yildiz, Cennet Ciris; Oz, Seda Degirmenci; Kusakli, Berra Yilmaz; Korkmaz, Irem
Aims: This study aimed to examine the relationship between work environment and missed nursing care (MNC) in nurses and determine whether profession self-efficacy has a moderator role in this relationship. Design: A quantitative, cross-sectional, correlational study design was used to test the study model. Methods: The study was conducted with 433 nurses in 2 city hospitals in Istanbul, Turkey. Data were collected between November 2022 and February 2023 using the MISSCARE Survey-Turkish, the Work Environment Scale, and the Nursing Profession Self-Efficacy Scale. Results: The participants had a mean Nursing Profession Self-Efficacy Scale score of 66.67 +/- 14.37, a mean Work Environment Scale score of 84.96 +/- 13.62, a mean elements of MNC score of 1.30 +/- 0.73, and a mean reason for MNC score of 3.18 +/- 0.78. Nursing profession self-efficacy was determined to be positively related to the work environment of the participants and their reasons for MNC (respectively, r = 0.276 and r = 0.114) and negatively related to elements of MNC (r = -0.216) (P < 0.05). There was also a negative relationship between the work environment and elements of MNC (r = -0.249; P < 0.05). Profession self-efficacy had a significant moderator role in the relationship between the work environment and elements of MNC. Having low or moderate levels of profession self-efficacy moderated the negative effects of the work environment on elements of MNC. Conclusions: There is a need for interventions to reduce elements of missed nursing care in nurses. Especially nurses and/or nurse managers may have difficulties in improving their work environment, considering its multifaceted structure. In such cases, administrators can reduce missed nursing care by increasing the profession self-efficacy of nurses. Therefore, profession self-efficacy should be considered in addition to interventions for the work environment to improve care.
Are radio-contrast agents commonly used in discography toxic to the intact intervertebral disc tissue cells?
(Wiley, 2019) Karaarslan, Numan; Yılmaz, İbrahim; Özbek, Hanefi; Şirin, Duygu Yaşar; Kaplan, Necati; Çalışkan, Tezcan; Ozdemir, Cigdem
In the literature, there have been no studies showing clear results on how radio-contrast pharmaceuticals would affect intact disc tissue cells. In this context, it was aimed to evaluate the effects of iopromide and gadoxetic acid, frequently used in the discography, on intact lumbar disc tissue in pharmaco-molecular and histopathological level. Primary cell cultures were prepared from the healthy disc tissue of the patients operated in the neurosurgery clinic. Except for the control group, the cultures were incubated with the indicated radio-contrast agents. Cell viability, toxicity and proliferation indices were tested at specific time intervals. The cell viability was quantitatively analysed. It was also visually rechecked under a fluorescence microscope with acridine orange/propidium iodide staining. Simultaneously, cell surface morphology was analysed with an inverted light microscope, while haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining methodology was used in the histopathological evaluations. The obtained data were evaluated statistically. Unlike the literature, iopromide or gadoxetic acid did not have any adverse effects on the cell viability, proliferation and toxicity (P < 0.05). Although this study reveals that radio-contrast pharmaceuticals used in the discography, often used in neurosurgical practice, can be safely used, it should be remembered that this study was performed in an in vitro environment.
Turkish validity and reliability study of the psychological food involvement scale: PFIS-TR
(Springernature, 2025) Sahin, Irem Nur; Atar, Aslihan; Yaman, Ozge; Demir, Halime Pulat
Background This study aimed to adapt the Psychological Food Involvement Scale (PFIS) to Turkish culture and test its validity and reliability. The PFIS measures individuals' psychological, emotional, and social relationships with food, which significantly impact eating behaviors and health. Methods The study was conducted with 478 participants aged 18-65. The PFIS underwent a six-stage translation and cultural adaptation process. Data collection was carried out via Google Forms, with participants completing a general information form, PFIS, and the Addiction-like Eating Behavior Scale (ALEBS). Reliability was assessed using the test-retest method. SPSS 24 was used for statistical evaluation, including internal consistency coefficient calculations, factor analysis, and correlation tests. Results The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin value was 0.94, indicating an adequate sample size, and Bartlett's test of sphericity was significant (p < 0.05). Exploratory factor analysis revealed a four-factor structure explaining 79% of the variance, with factor loadings > 0.40 and eigenvalues > 1. Confirmatory factor analysis showed good fit indices: chi 2 /sd = 2.28, GFI = 0.95, AGFI = 0.93 CFI = 0.98, NFI = 0.94, RMSEA = 0.05, SRMR = 0.04). Internal consistency analysis showed high reliability, with Cronbach's Alpha coefficients ranging from 0.86 to 0.94 across subscales. Conclusion The Turkish version of the PFIS was found to be a valid and reliable tool for assessing psychological food involvement in the studied sample of the Turkish adult population.
The Relationship of Hedonic Hunger and Night-Eating Symptoms with Difficulties in Emotion Regulation in Young Adults
(Wiley, 2023) Hamurcu, Pinar; Camlibel, Beyzanur
Purpose. This study aimed to examine the association between hedonic hunger and night-eating syndrome (NES) with difficulties in emotion regulation (DER) among young adults. Design and Methods. This cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted on a voluntary basis at a private foundation university, involving a total of 1010 students enrolled in the 2020-2021 academic year. Data were collected through an online application of an information form, which assessed demographic characteristics, the Power of Food Scale (PFS), the Night-Eating Questionnaire (NEQ), and the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale-Short Form (DERS-16). The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS26 (R) software. Findings. Women made up 80.4% of the students in the study. The mean age was 21.58 +/- 2.98 years, and the mean body mass index (BMI) was 22.06 +/- 3.71 kg/m(2). The results indicated that 68.1% of the students reported hedonic hunger and 88.7% had NES. Moreover, DER was found to be more prevalent among women (p=0.031). In addition, the DERS-16 score increased by 6.5% (p=0.040) with each increase in age and by 6.8% (p=0.031) with each increase in BMI. Furthermore, the total PFS score increased by 32.5% (p<0.001), and the total NEQ score increased by 22.4% (p<0.001), corresponding to an increase in the total DERS-16 score. Practice Implications. These findings suggest that an increase in the difficulties experienced in emotion regulation is associated with higher levels of hedonic hunger and night-eating tendencies among young adults.
Enrichment of the Glycyrrhizic Acid from Licorice Roots (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) by Isoelectric Focused Adsorptive Bubble Chromatography
(Hindawi Ltd, 2016) Karaogul, Eyyup; Parlar, Perihan; Parlar, Harun; Alma, M. Hakki
The main aim of this study was to enrich glycyrrhizic acid ammonium salt known as one of the main compounds of licorice roots (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) by isoelectric focused adsorptive bubble separation technique with different foaming agents. In the experiments, four bubble separation parameters were used with beta-lactoglobulin, albumin bovine, and starch (soluble) preferred as foaming agents and without additives. The enrichment of glycyrrhizic acid ammonium salt into the foam was influenced by different additive substances. The results showed that highest enrichment values were obtained from beta-lactoglobulin as much as 368.3 times. The lowest enrichment values (5.9 times) were determined for the application without additive. After enrichment, each experiment of glycyrrhizic acid ammoniumsalt confirmed that these substances could be quantitatively enriched into the collection vessel with isoelectric focused adsorptive bubble separation technique. The transfer of glycyrrhizic acid ammonium salt into the foam from standard solution in the presence of additive was more efficient than aqueous licorice extract.
Advanced glycation end products: understanding their health risks and effective prevention strategies
(Springernature, 2024) Erim, Burak; Binici, Halil İbrahim
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are harmful compounds formed through non-enzymatic reactions between reducing sugars and proteins or lipids, and are linked to the progression of chronic diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and neurodegenerative disorders. These compounds contribute to oxidative stress, inflammation, and accelerated aging at the cellular level. Studies indicate that elevated AGE levels are closely associated with worsened outcomes in these conditions, as they exacerbate oxidative stress and inflammation, further hastening disease progression. Emerging evidence also suggests that lifestyle interventions, including dietary adjustments and increased physical activity, can reduce AGE levels and enhance health outcomes. This review aims to explore the mechanisms through which AGEs affect health and assesses various strategies for reducing their impact. Future research should prioritize refining AGE detection techniques and developing novel interventions to mitigate their detrimental effects, with the goal of improving the prevention and management of chronic diseases.
Histopathological and immunohistochemical investigation of the effect of Shilajit in rats with experimental spinal cord injury
(Turkish Assoc Trauma Emergency Surgery, 2023) Cetin, Eyup; Sancak, Tunahan; Keles, Omer Faruk; Unlu, Ilker; Akyol, Mehmet Edip; Arabacı, Ozkan
BACKGROUND: This experimental study was designed to investigate the histopathological and immunohistochemical effects of Shilajit in rats with experimentally induced spinal cord injury (SCI). METHODS: The rats were divided into three groups: Control group: The group in which spinal cord damage was created but no drug was administered. Low-dose group: This is the group in which intraperitoneal Shilajit is given at a dose of 150 mg/kg at the 1st h, 1st day, 2nd day, and 3rd day after spinal cord damage was induced. High-dose group: This is the group in which intraperitoneal Shilajit is given at a dose of 250 mg/kg at the 1st h, 1st day, 2nd day, and 3rd day after spinal cord damage was induced. Thin sections taken from the spinal cord after euthanasia were sent for histopathological and immunohistochemical examination. RESULTS: Histopathological examination of the high-dose group showed lower amounts of morphological findings compared to the low-dose group and control group. While a significant CD68 immune reaction was observed in the control group of rats with spinal injury, the positive immune reaction was found to be significantly decreased in the Shilajit-applied groups. CONCLUSION: It is thought that the use of Shilajit in SCI will reduce the effects of secondary damage in SCI and that its administration to such patients will have positive effects on the results.
The importance of somatic cell count in dairy technology
(Croatian Dairy Union, 2023) Darbaz, Isfendiyar; Ulusoy, Beyza H.; Darbaz, Tahire; Hecer, Canan; Aslan, Selim
Mastitis is an important infection that affects herd health, udder health and milk yield of individual animals. Somatic cells (SCs) naturally present in milk are used as an indicator of subclinical mastitis, but also to assess milk quality and safety. Somatic cell count is the main monitoring variable used in milk quality and safety assessment. This review especially focuses on the effect of SCs on milk as food and also their effect on the dairy technology. The most significant effect of SCC on dairy technology is provided by the enzymes released from these cells. Alternatively, a limited number of conclusions were reported that SCs may assist dairy technology. SCs pass to milk and continue inhibitory effect on bacteria.
Evaluation of the Attitudes of the Students of the Faculty of Health Sciences towards Healthy Nutrition and Physical Activity
(Duzce Univ, 2020) Onder, Omer Onder; Öztürk, Muhsin; Yildiz, Seyda; Caylan, Ayse
Objective: The foundations of a healthy life are laid during youth, and healthy nutrition and regular physical activity are not only two key determinants of health but also two main factors decreasing age-related health risks. Universities are the ideal environments for increasing this awareness and educating university students that constitute the majority of young population on healthy behavioral choices. This study aimed to evaluate the factors affecting the attitudes of the students of the Faculty of Health Sciences (Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation and Department of Nutrition and Dietetics) at a foundation university towards healthy nutrition and physical activity. Methods: The total number of students in the Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation and Department of Nutrition and Dietetics was 467. The study aimed to reach the whole universe and was conducted with 339 students (73%) that consented to participate. Study data were collected via face-to-face surveys that covered the sociodemographic data form, demographic data questions of the modified survey by the University of North Florida on Diet and Exercise and the survey including the Body Image Scale. The study received an approval from the Scientific Researches Ethics Council of the School of Medicine of Trakya University (TUTF-BAEK 2019/163). Study data were analyzed using SPSS 25.0 program. Significance level was p<0.05. Chi-square analysis was used for group comparisons as the data were categorical variables. Results: While the Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.91 in the original Body Image Scale, it was 0.959 in our study. In addition, while prediction point was 135 in the original scale, it was 134.5 according to our ROC analysis. 49.6% of students stated that they did not exercise; 27.1% of those associated it with lack of time while 17.1% cited lack of willpower. 54% of students considered their diets unhealthy. There was a statistically significant difference between lack of exercise and gender (p<0.05). 81% of females did not exercise at all while 19% of males did not exercise. Among students whose body image perception was below average, the number of those not exercising (n=52) was higher than those exercising (n=36), and this was statistically significant (p<0.05). Conclusions: According to results of this study, university students should be provided with awareness programs on healthy nutrition and exercise to promote healthy lifestyle behaviors.
The Physical, Chemical, Sensory Properties and Aromatic Organic Substance Profile of Kefir Added Citrus Fruits in Different Proportions
(Univ Namik Kemal, 2023) Binici, Halil İbrahim; Ozdemir, Cihat; Ozdemir, Salih
This study aims to increase the functionality of plain kefir by adding citrus fruits. Dry matter ratios of kefir samples ranged from 11.04 % to 11.75 %. The addition of fruit to kefir reduced the milk-fat ratios. The pH values of kefir samples ranged from 3.37 to 4.08 depending on fruit concentration. pH values also ranged from 3.37 to 4.08 depending on fruit concentration. Kefir samples containing grapefruit ( 37.5 %) had the lowest pH value (3.37) among the kefir samples. The viscosity of kefir samples at 20 rpm and 50 rpm at sliding speed ranged from 0.42 Pa.s to 2.88 Pa.s and from 0.31 to 1.60 Pa.s, respectively. The addition of fruit to plain kefir was reduced its viscosity. DPPH* of samples was between 1.21 and 38.93 % DPPH of samples with citrus fruit were statistically (p<0.01) higher than that of plain kefir samples. While adding orange to plain kefir samples reduced the amount of ethanol, adding grapefruit increased its amount, conversely. Plain kefir samples had higher acetic acid, butanoic acid, hexanoic acid, octanoic acid, n-decanoic acid, benzoic acid, benzaldehyde, benzaldehyde (2,5 bis), silanediol dimethyl, and benzyl alcohol ratios than that of orange, mandarin and grapefruit samples. However, the dlimonene, 1-methyl benzene and benzene 2-ethyl-1,3-dimethyl ratios of kefir samples containing orange, mandarin and grapefruit increased significantly compared to plain kefir. Panelists preferred orange (23 % and 37.5 %) and mandarin (37.5 %) kefir samples more than the others. Panelists gave lower scores to grapefruit-added samples than the other kefir samples.

Güncel Gönderiler