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Öğe The effect of treatment duration on the prognosis of adhd: a multi-center naturalistic follow-up study(ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD, 2025) Ercan, Eyuep Sabri; Bilgic, Ayhan; Tufan, Ali Evren; Akca, Omer Faruk; Yazici, Ipek Percinel; Bilac, Oznur; Tahillioglu, AkinObjective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of medication duration over a 5-year period on the prognosis of Attention-Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and the accompanying disruptive behavioral symptoms using a naturalistic methodology. Methods: The sample comprised 576 ADHD cases referred to 16 Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Clinics in 13 cities in T & uuml;rkiye, aged between 7-12 five years ago and 12-18 currently. Baseline and current Turgay DSM-IV Disruptive Behavior Disorders Rating Scale (T-DSM-IV-S) scores completed by parents were compared. Sociodemographic data, treatment processes, life events, and habits were recorded. Disorder severity and recovery levels were determined using the Clinical Global Impression Scale (CGI). Results: All current T-DSM-IV-S scores were significantly lower than the baseline scores. Longer duration of medication use, receiving psychotherapy, and higher socioeconomic status were associated with better CGI scores in the present study. However, increased baseline conduct disorder symptoms, being bullied, longer duration of Internet usage, dropping out of school, smoking, and older age were associated with worse CGI scores. Conclusion: Our study indicates that a longer duration of medication use is associated with better global improvement in children with ADHD. Better identification of the factors that may directly or indirectly affect the general improvement in ADHD cases and changing these factors may enable a more positive prognosis.Öğe Building resilience through self-defense: the role of martial arts in enhancing psychological strength among women(FRONTIERS MEDIA SA, 2025) Pekel, Aydin; Turan, Mehmet Behzat; Eraslan, Meric; Iqbal, Mujahid; Pepe, Osman; Yoka, Keziban; Yoka, OsmanIntroduction: This study aimed to investigate differences in psychological resilience between women who participate in martial arts and those who do not, while also examining the influence of demographic and socioeconomic characteristics. Methods: A total of 802 women voluntarily participated, including 407 martial arts practitioners (Muay Thai, kickboxing, boxing, or taekwondo) and 395 women who practiced Pilates. Data were collected via an online self-report questionnaire that included the Psychological Resilience Scale and a demographic information form. Statistical analyses were conducted using descriptive statistics, independent sample t-tests, and one-way ANOVA. Results: Results showed that women engaged in martial arts demonstrated significantly higher levels of psychological resilience in the sub-dimensions of control (p < .01, d = 0.47) and challenge p < .01, d = 0.27) compared to non-practitioners. However, in the commitment sub-dimension, non-martial arts participants scored higher (p < .05, d = 0.35). Among martial artists, psychological resilience varied significantly based on age, experience of violence, and smoking status. Significant differences were found for non-martial artists according to age, educational attainment, and income level. Discussion: These findings suggest that participation in martial arts may enhance specific dimensions of psychological resilience, especially in managing stress and embracing challenges. However, it may not necessarily foster higher commitment levels.Öğe Determination of Biotin Interference in Pediatric Obesity Related ELISA Research Kits Biotin Interference in Manual ELISA Kits(WILEY, 2025) Kurkcu Kahraman, Ezgi; Donma, Orkide; Donma, Mustafa Metin; Yilmaz, Ahsen; Guzel, SavasBackgroundAlthough high-dose biotin interference in automated immunoassays is now considered, there are very few studies showing biotin interference in manually operated research kits, especially with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The aims of our study were to determine the effects of biotin interference on various parameters, including leptin, leptin receptor (LEPR), ghrelin, acylated ghrelin, deacylated ghrelin, ghrelin receptor (GHSR), kisspeptin (KISS1), kisspeptin receptor (KISS1R), preptin, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPAR gamma), nod-like receptor pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) and interleukin-18 (IL-18), which contribute to energy homeostasis in healthy and obese children.MethodsSerum pools were prepared from healthy and obese individuals, and biotin concentrations in samples containing different amounts of biotin were measured via sandwich and competitive ELISA methods. In addition, possible biotin interactions were investigated by determining the concentrations of all the study parameters in serum pools containing different amounts of biotin.ResultsWe found that the biotin-competitive, ghrelin-competitive, KISS1-competitive, GHSR, leptin and LEPR ELISA kits were less affected by biotin interference and the results of these assay kits were more reliable. Unexpectedly, high levels were also measured in the biotin sandwich ELISA kit, indicating that biotin interference can also occur in manually operated assay kits.ConclusionsBiotin exhibited an interference effect even in well-functioning, qualified kits, and this negative effect was less common in competitive kits. Biotin interference was closely associated with the quality of the research kit, the parameters studied, and the presence of high biotin concentrations in the blood.Öğe Comparison of Rheological, Microstructural, and Textural Properties of Set-Type Yogurts Fermented With Novel Streptococcus thermophilus Strains From Yogurts Produced Mountain Villages of Turkey With Those Produced With Commercial Cultures(WILEY, 2025) Denktas, Begum; Ozturk, Hale Inci; Demirci, Talha; Satilmis, Meryem Kubra; Akin, NihatIn recent years, many consumers prefer artisanal cultures as they provide special characteristic taste and flavor compared to commercial ones. Therefore, it is important to preserve traditional cultures and use them in production to reduce dependence on commercial cultures and to develop consumer-pleasing products. This study aimed to evaluate the technological performance of Streptococcus thermophilus strains isolated from yogurts collected from villages in Konya province, and to assess their suitability for commercial yogurt production. Physicochemical, microbiological, textural, rheological, microstructural, and sensory properties of experimental samples were analyzed for 28 days. During the refrigerated time at 4 degrees C, S. thermophilus counts varied between 8.41 and 9.94 log CFU/g. The impact of different S. thermophilus isolates on textural properties was evident, with yogurt samples C, D, and B exhibiting the best performance across all textural parameters. The same situation was observed for microstructure; C, D, and E had the best microstructure images, supported by high water retention capacity and low syneresis degree. B yogurt received the highest general acceptability scores across all storage periods. The results suggested that the strains 10K1, 10K2, and 4K6 could be recommended as potential starter cultures for commercial yogurt production. Novel cultures do not always achieve the flavor and product-specific quality characteristics that consumers like. However, it is very promising that some S. thermophilus strains isolated in this study show better properties than commercial cultures.Öğe Data-Driven Analysis of Short- and Long-Term Outcomes of Simulation, Nasal Hump Reduction, and Rasping in Open Rhinoplasty for Nasal Dorsum Correction(SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC, 2025) Bulut, Fuat; Bulut, FarukPurpose: This study aims to highlight the significance of performing simulations, nasal hump reduction, and rasping in open-technique rhinoplasty for the nasal dorsum. The research utilizes data science methodologies for a thorough examination of the collected survey data.Methods: A comprehensive survey comprising 29 questions was presented to surgeons participating in the Eastern Trakya ENT Association Training Meetings-I. This survey, specifically designed to investigate the nuances of open and closed rhinoplasty approaches to nasal dorsum intervention, collected responses from 132 physicians. The collected dataset was thoroughly reviewed and analyzed. The responses were not only graphically represented but also transformed into a dataset primed for data science analysis. Significant results were derived using both association rule-mining algorithms from machine learning and basic statistical analysis.Results: The raw data underwent thorough analysis using fundamental statistical methods and association rules within the field of data science. The discerned data patterns revealed significant insights into the behavioral tendencies and approaches adopted by physicians in rhinoplasty. The survey analysis emphasized the widespread acceptance of the open technique for nasal dorsum procedures, even though it may not be the preferred choice for all rhinoplasty cases. A notable 74.6% of rhinoplasty surgeons employing the open technique indicated that the primary long-term challenge during nasal dorsum interventions was irregularity. In addition, among the 132 participating surgeons, 25.8% were found to frequently engage in facial plastic surgery, while 55.4% reported abstaining from simulations. Notably, rhinoplasty surgeons who opted out of simulations, despite exclusively applying the open technique, reported encountering irregularities and requiring more adjustments.Conclusion: Rhinoplasty surgeons who do not use simulations in open nasal dorsum approaches reported facing irregularities and performing more revisions. Furthermore, they noted encountering irregularities in both the short and long term following nasal hump reduction and rasping procedures.Öğe BDNF coexpresses with MTOR and is associated with muscle fiber size, lean mass and power-related traits(SPRINGER, 2025) Bulgay, Celal; Zorba, Erdal; Kazan, Hasan H.; Bayraktar, Isik; Uca, Merve; Ergun, Mehmet A.; John, GeorgePurposeRecent research suggests a link between brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and the mTOR signaling pathway, a key regulator of protein synthesis and muscle growth. However, it remains unclear whether BDNF influences muscle growth and power performance. Our study aimed to investigate the relationship between the expression of BDNF and MTOR genes in human skeletal muscle and examine the association between genetically predicted higher expression of the BDNF gene and muscle fiber size, lean mass, power performance, and power athlete status. MethodsThe study involved 456,382 subjects, including 285 athletes, 112 physically active individuals with muscle fiber composition data, 291 sedentary individuals with gene expression data, 5451 controls, and 450,243 UK Biobank participants. The muscle fiber composition was evaluated using immunohistochemistry, while gene expression analysis was performed using RNA sequencing. BDNF genotyping was carried out using real-time PCR or microarrays. ResultsWe found that BDNF gene expression was positively associated with MTOR gene expression in the vastus lateralis (p < 0.0001). Furthermore, genetically predicted higher BDNF expression (i.e., carriage of the C allele of the rs6265 (Val66Met) BDNF polymorphism) was positively associated with the cross-sectional area of fast-twitch muscle fibers in athletes (p = 0.0069), appendicular lean mass (p = 2.6 x 10(-)(7)), personal best scores of power athletes (p = 0.029), and power athlete status (p = 0.0056). ConclusionOur study demonstrates a positive correlation between BDNF and MTOR gene expression in human skeletal muscle, with genetically predicted higher BDNF expression associated with greater muscle fiber size, lean mass, enhanced power performance, and power athlete status.Öğe The Turkish version of the self-care behaviors scale for rheumatoid arthritis patients: cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric evaluation(BMC, 2025) Dalli, Oznur Erbay; Pehlivan, Seda; Misirci, Salim; Sahin, Nilhan Toyer; Pehlivan, YavuzBackgroundSelf-care behaviors play an important role in disease management and improving the health outcomes of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. However, currently available Turkish instruments to measure self-care behaviors in RA patients are not disease-specific or have low reliability. The aim of this study was to adapt the Self-Care Behaviors Scale (SCBS), developed specifically for RA patients, into Turkish and evaluate its psychometric properties. MethodsThe study was conducted with 378 RA patients admitted to the Rheumatology Outpatient Clinic of a university hospital. Content validity, construct validity, internal consistency and test-retest reliability examined the psychometric properties of the scale. ResultsThe SCBS-T with its seven factors and 25 items was found to be valid (KMO = 0.957; Bartlett's test chi 2 = 6614.69, p < 0.001), to explain 67.80% of the total variance, and to have good fit indices (chi 2/df = 2.920; GFI = 0.861; CFI = 0.925; RMSEA = 0.078; TLI = 0.912; SRMR = 0.045). The scale's overall Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.86, while the subscales ranged between 0.74 and 0.81. One-week interval test-retest reliability was 0.81. ConclusionsThe high validity and reliability results of the SCBS-T indicate that the scale will form a strong basis for its routine use by health professionals in clinical settings and for the development of educational programs on the self-care of RA patients.Öğe Atorvastatin and flaxseed dietary treatments improve dyslipidemia and liver injuries in a diet-induced rat model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(MASHHAD UNIV MED SCIENCES, 2025) Eslami, Zahra; Joshaghani, Hamidreza; Moghanlou, Abdorreza Eghbal; Norouzi, Alireza; Mirghani, Seyed JavadObjective: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) as the most common chronic liver disease is associated with metabolic disorders including dysregulated lipid and glucose metabolism. There is no approved drug treatment for NAFLD; thus, new therapies are needed. We studied the antidyslipidemic effects of atorvastatin and/or possibly hepatoprotective effects of flaxseed/ flaxseed oil in a rat model of NAFLD. Materials and Methods: Fifty-six male Wistar rats were divided randomly into seven groups: 1) control, 2) high-fructose diet (HFD), 3) HFD +atorvastatin (20 mg/kg), 4) HFD+ flaxseed (40 g/kg), 5) HFD+ flaxseed oil (40 mg/kg), 6) HFD+flaxseed (40 g/kg) + atorvastatin (20 mg/kg) and 7) HFD+flaxseed oil (40 g/kg) +atorvastatin (20 mg/kg). The interventions were done for 23 weeks, after which anthropometric indices, lipid profile, liver enzymes, fasting blood glucose, and kidney indices were analyzed. Scoring of hematoxylin-eosin-stained liver sections was used to assess the severity of NAFLD. Results: All the treatments reduced mesenteric fat mass, and the amount of fat around the liver, except in HFD+ flaxseed +atorvastatin group. The interventions improved NAFLD activity score, which considers steatosis, lobular inflammation, and hepatocyte ballooning. However, atorvastatin was most efficient in reducing inflammation and hepatocyte ballooning. While atorvastatin reduced only Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) levels, flaxseed or flaxseed oil mono-and combination therapies reduced serum levels of all liver enzymes. The interventions improved the serum lipid profile and all, except atorvastatin decreased fasting blood glucose. Conclusion: Flaxseed therapies improved NAFLD-associated liver injuries and dyslipidemia, while atorvastatin mostly reduced hepatocyte ballooning and lobular inflammation.Öğe Silent abuse in the blind spot between medicine and law: A case series of Munchausen syndrome by proxy from Türkiye(WILEY, 2025) Asan, Oemer; Kavla, Yasin; Boylu, Muhammed Emin; Sahin, Hueseyin Cagri; Cirakoglu, Emre; Oezcanli, Tuba; Duran, AlaattinMunchausen syndrome by proxy is a rare but dangerous form of child abuse in which a caregiver exaggerates, fabricates, or induces medical symptoms in a dependent individual, typically a child. It is of the utmost importance to recognize and address this syndrome, which has significant legal and medical consequences. The failure to identify cases in a timely manner and to implement appropriate intervention strategies may result in irreparable harm or even fatal consequences. This study examined four cases involving 15 child victims and four perpetrators. All individuals were referred to the Turkish Council of Forensic Medicine for evaluation of criminal responsibility. The data were sourced from the National Judicial Network Project and case files spanning a decade. A comprehensive review of the clinical and forensic records was conducted. The four perpetrators, all females aged 27-34, exhibited histories of adverse childhood experiences, early marriage, limited education, and neglect. The clinical manifestations in children included apnea, immobility, bleeding, and bruising. Eleven children died before the abuse was detected, and four children were removed from their homes and placed under the protection of the state. MSBP is still frequently overlooked in clinical practice, which can result in irreparable harm and even death among affected children. The severe cases, as illustrated in this manuscript, demonstrate a recurrent pattern of abuse that persists until the cases are identified. An integrated multidisciplinary approach, involving medical and forensic services, is of paramount importance to facilitate the recognition and prevention of this form of child abuse.Öğe Comparative analysis of regressive and non-regressive autism: a study of clinical patterns and environmental risk factors in Turkey(TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD, 2025) Cevher Binici, Nagihan; Kutlu, Ayse; Yazan Songur, Cisel; Sabah Baris, Hande EmineObjectiveThis study compared clinical features, symptom severity, and prenatal/perinatal risk factors in children with regressive (ASD-R) and non-regressive autism spectrum disorder (ASD-NR) in a Turkish paediatric sample.MethodA retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted with 143 children aged 2-6 years diagnosed with ASD, grouped as ASD-R (n = 29) or ASD-NR (n = 114). Symptom severity was assessed using the CARS, AuBC, and ABC. Data on prenatal and perinatal factors, epilepsy, and parental age were collected.ResultsNo significant differences were found in CARS, AuBC, or total ABC scores, except for higher lethargy/social withdrawal scores in the ASD-NR group. Prenatal and perinatal risk factors and epilepsy prevalence were similar. However, parental ages at birth were significantly higher in the ASD-R group. Logistic regression did not yield significant predictors of regression.ConclusionThe findings suggest that prenatal and perinatal factors may influence developmental regression in ASD when interacting with genetic vulnerability. Longitudinal studies are needed to clarify the role of early environmental exposures and epigenetic mechanisms in regression patterns.Öğe Use of the UPOINT Classification in Turkish Chronic Prostatitis or Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome Patients(Elsevier Science Inc, 2016) Arda, Ersan; Çakıroğlu, Basri; Taş, Tuncay; Ekici, Sinan; Uyanik, Bekir SamiOBJECTIVE To determine the positive subdomain numbers and distribution of the UPOINT classification in chronic prostatitis and to compare the erectile dysfunction (ED) pattern. MATERIALS AND METHODS From 2008 to 2013, 839 patients with symptomatic chronic prostatitis or chronic pelvic pain syndrome were included in this study. The correlation between UPOINT domains and National Institutes of Health chronic prostatitis symptom index (NIH-CPSI) total score, subscores, and the 5-item International Index of Erectile Function scores were evaluated retrospectively. RESULTS The mean patient age was calculated as 37.7 +/- 7.4 (range 21-65). The average total NIH-CPSI score was determined as 9.07 (range 1-40) and the average positive UPOINT subdomain number was determined as 2.87 +/- 0.32 (range 1-6). Subdomain patient numbers and rates were calculated as 529 urinary (63%), 462 psychosocial (55%), 382 organ specific (45%), 290 infection (34%), 288 neurological or systemic (34%), and 418 tenderness (skeletal muscle) (50%), respectively. It was determined that ED, determining the subdomain of sexual dysfunction in patients, was positive in a total of 326 (39.9%) patients, with 220 patients having mild (26.2%), 76 mild to moderate (9.1%), 19 moderate (2.3%), and 5 with severe (0.6%) ED. A statistically significant correlation was not determined between the 5-item International Index of Erectile Function score and UPOINT subdomain number and NIH-CPSI score. CONCLUSION It has been determined that although there is a strong and significant correlation between UPOINT classification and NIH-CPSI score in Turkish patients with chronic prostatitis or chronic pelvic pain syndrome, the inclusion of ED as an independent subdomain to the UPOINT classification is not statistically significant. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc.Öğe Comparison of antagonist mild and long agonist protocols in terms of follicular fluid total antioxidant capacity(Elsevier Taiwan, 2018) Mathyk, Begum Aydogan; Cetin, Berna Asian; Vardagli, Duygu; Zengin, Emel; Sofiyeva, Nigar; Irez, Tulay; Ocal, PelinObjective: A high dose of prolonged gonadotropins can yield higher numbers of oocytes and embryos. The high dose or prolonged regimens can be associated with ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS), multiple gestations, emotional stress, economical burden and treatment dropout. In mild stimulation lower doses and shorter duration times of gonadotropin are used in contrast to the conventional long stimulation protocol in IVF. It has been proposed that supraphysiologic levels of hormones may adversely affect endometrium and oocyte/embryo. Also it has been proposed that oxidative stress (OS) may alter ovarian hormone dynamics and could be further affected by additional exogenous hormonal stimulation. Therefore our aim was to compare follicular fluid total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in antagonist mild and long agonist stimulations. Materials and Methods: Forty patients received antagonist mild stimulation, starting on the 5th day of their cycle and forty patients received long agonist treatment. Seventy-five patients undergoing their first IVF cycle were included in the final analysis. Follicular fluid (FF) samples were analyzed for estradiol (E2), antimullerian hormone (AMH) and TAC. Results: FF-Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels were higher in the long agonist group as opposed to the antagonist group [1.07 +/- 0.04 mmol Trolox equivalent/L vs 1 +/- 0.13 mmol Trolox equivalent/L] (Fig. 1). Pregnancy rates were not significantly different between the two treatments. The FF-TAC levels were not different among infertility etiologies (Fig. 3). FF-TAC levels did not have a direct correlation with pregnancy but a positive correlation with the total gonadotropin dose was observed. Conclusion: Patients with good ovarian reserves and under the age of 35 effectively responded to mild stimulation treatment. Using lower amounts of gonadotropin, yielded less FF-TAC levels in patients who underwent antagonist mild protocol. In patients under the age of 35, antagonist mild stimulation is a patient friendly and effective procedure when undergoing their first IVF cycle. (C) 2018 Taiwan Association of Obstetrics & Gynecology. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V.Öğe Is Implant Washing and Wound Irrigation with Rifampicin Effective for Preventing Surgical Site Infections in Lumbar Instrumentation?(Turkish Neurosurgical Soc, 2018) Karaarslan, Numan; Yılmaz, İbrahim; Özbek, Hanefi; Oznam, Kadir; Ateş, Özkan; Erdem, IlknurAIM: To determine whether the washing of implants and autogenous bone grafts with rifampicin, and the irrigation of the surgical field using diluted rifampicin, have any significant effect on the prevention of spinal implant infections. MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 166 consecutive lumbar stenosis and spondylolisthesis patients undergoing lumbar instrumentation between 2012 and 2016 were analyzed retrospectively. The patients were divided into two groups. Group I (n=85) included patients whose implants were washed with rifampicin immediately before insertion and whose surgical fields were irrigated with diluted rifampicin immediately after insertion. Group II (n=81) included the cases without rifampicin application. Both groups were matched for age, sex, body mass index, and surgical indication. The infection rates of the groups were compared during the first 2 postoperative years. RESULTS: No significant difference was found between the infection rate in Group I and Group II. Only 1 case had surgical site infection (SSI) in Group I, a rate of 1.17% (1 of 85 patients), whereas 2 patients had SSI in Group II, a rate of 2.46% (2 of 81 patients). CONCLUSION: Peroperative washing of implants with rifampicin and irrigation of the surgical field using diluted rifampicin have not been found to be significantly effective in preventing or reducing spinal implant infections. However, further studies with larger series need to be carried out to verify these results.Öğe Prognostic Factors in Patients who Underwent Aneurysmal Clipping due to Spontaneous Subarachnoid Hemorrhage(Turkish Neurosurgical Soc, 2016) Orakdogen, Metin; Emon, Selin Tural; Somay, Hakan; Engin, Taner; Ateş, Özkan; Berkman, Mehmet ZaferAIM: Despite technical and medical advances, aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhages (SAH) continue to be a challenging pathology, associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. In this regard, a definition is required of the various prognostic indicators of an SAH. The aim of the present retrospective study is to examine the various prognostic factors of the clinical outcomes of the patients who underwent a neurosurgical clipping of aneurysms due to aneurysmal SAH. MATERIAL and METHODS: The data of 104 patients that had suffered an aneurysmal SAH were analyzed. The baseline demographic, clinical and radiological data were all analyzed. The prognostic study was derived from an analysis of these variables. Relationship between prognostic factors and outcome was evaluated by univariate and logistic multivariate regression analysis. RESULTS: This study has identified unfavorable outcomes on the Glasgow Outcome Scale at discharge after the surgical treatment of aneurysmal SAH associated with increased age, poor World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS) grade on admission, higher Fisher's grade on admission computed tomography scan, larger aneurysm, and clinical vasospasm. In a multivariate logistic regression analysis, age, high WFNS grade, positive clinical vasospasm and size of aneurysm were found to be independent risk factors for mortality. The presence of hydrocephalus, number of aneurysms, positive risk factors, and the presence of Doppler vasospasm did not reach statistical significance. CONCLUSION: The most important prognostic factors in patients undergoing surgery due to aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage were WFNS grade, age, size of aneurysm and clinical vasospasm.Öğe Prevalence of Staphylococcal Enterotoxins in Ready-to-Eat Foods Sold in Istanbul(Elsevier, 2017) Ulusoy, Beyza H.; Sancar, Burcu Cakmak; Öztürk, MuhsinThe aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs) in ready-to-eat (RTE) foods sold in Istanbul, Turkey. A total of 5,241 samples were randomly collected from various caterers, hotels, and restaurants from 2014 to 2016. The samples were classified into four groups: (i) various cooked RTE meat and vegetable meals, (ii) various RTE salads, charcuterie, and cold appetizers, (iii) various cooked RTE bakery products (pasta, pastries, pizza, pita, ravioli, etc.), and (iv) any cooked RTE sweets and desserts (pudding, custard, cream, ashura, etc.). The samples were examined for the presence of SEs by 3M Tecra Staph Enterotoxin Visual Immunoassay method, which is a manual enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. Among all samples, only 1 (0.019%) RTE meal (vegetable meal with meat) was found to be contaminated with SEs, a good result in terms of staphylococcal food poisoning risk and public health.Öğe Are Specific Gene Expressions of Extracellular Matrix and Nucleus Pulposus Affected by Primary Cell Cultures Prepared from Intact or Degenerative Intervertebral Disc Tissues?(Turkish Neurosurgical Soc, 2019) Karaarslan, Numan; Yılmaz, İbrahim; Özbek, Hanefi; Yasar Sirin, Duygu; Kaplan, Necati; Akyuva, Yener; Gonultas, AylinAIM: To determine the gene expression patterns of nucleus pulposus (NP) in cell cultures obtained from degenerated or intact tissues. MATERIAL and METHODS: Whereas 12 of the cases were diagnosed with lumbar disc herniation and had undergone lumbar microdiscectomy, 12 cases had undergone traumatic intervertebral discectomy and corpectomy, along with discectomy after spinal trauma. NP-specific markers and gene expressions of the reagents of the extracellular matrix in the experimental setup were tested at the 0th, 24th, and 48th hours by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Visual evaluations were simultaneously made in all samples using invert and fluorescence microscopy. Vitality and proliferation analyses were evaluated by UV spectrophotometer. As a method of statistical evaluation, Spearman was used for categorical variants, and the Pearson correlation was used for variants with numerical and plain distribution. RESULTS: No association was found either between the tissue type and times (r=0.000; p=1.000) or between the region that the tissue was obtained from and hypoxia transcription factor-1 alpha (HIF-1 alpha) gene expression (r=0.098; p=0.245). There was no correlation between cell proliferation and chondroadherin (CHAD) expression or between type II collagen (COL2A1) and CHAD gene expressions. It was found that CHAD and HIF-1 alpha gene expressions and HIF-1 alpha and COL2A1 gene expressions affected cell proliferation. CONCLUSION: Cell culture setups are of paramount importance because they may influence the pattern of changes in the gene expressions of the cells used in these setups.Öğe Rehabilitation of Patients With Osteoporotic Fractures(Elsevier Science Inc, 2020) Erhan, Belgin; Ataker, YaprakOsteoporosis is a silent, asymptomatic disease until a fragility fracture is sustained. Fractures greatly affect the physical functioning and health-related quality of life and are associated with increased mortality and mor-bidity rates. Furthermore, once a fragility fracture occurs, the patient is more susceptible to sustain further fractures. Repeated falls are the main causes of fractures in patients with osteoporosis. The management of osteoporosis postfracture is a combination of medical treatment, nutritional interventions, and rehabilitation in order to improve activities of daily living to prevent falls and increase safety while reducing the loss of bone mass. In this article the principles of fracture prevention and physical rehabilitation of patients with osteoporosis postvertebral and hip fragility fractures will be discussed, as well as the rehabilitation management to prevent further falls and fractures.Öğe Decreasing myocardial estrogen receptors and antioxidant activity may be responsible for increasing ischemia- and reperfusion-induced ventricular arrhythmia in older female rats(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2021) Bozdogan, Omer; Bozcaarmutlu, Azra; Kaya, Salih Tunc; Sapmaz, Canan; Ozarslan, Talat Ogulcan; Eksioglu, Didem; Yasar, SelcukAims: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between ischemia- and reperfusion-induced arrhythmia and blood serum estrogen levels, myocardial estrogen receptor levels, antioxidant enzyme activities, and the effects of the estrogen receptor blocker, fulvestrant (ICI 182 780). Main methods: A total of 102 female Sprague-Dawley rats of different ages (2-3, 6-7, 14-15, and 20-21 months) were used in this study. Myocardial ischemia was produced by ligation of the descending branch of the left anterior descending coronary artery, and reperfusion was produced by releasing this artery. An electrocardiogram (ECG) and blood pressure were recorded for 6 min of ischemia and 6 min of reperfusion. The levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), estrogen receptor alpha (ER alpha), and estrogen receptor beta (ER beta) in myocardial tissue and 17 beta-estradiol (E2) in blood serum were measured via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results were compared using a Mann-Whitney U test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and a student's t-test. Key findings: It is not the changes in serum estrogen levels but the decreasing myocardial estrogen receptors and antioxidant activities that could be responsible for the occurrence of more severe arrhythmia in response to reperfusion in older female rats. Significance: The death rate due to a heart attack in younger men is higher than in women. However, it equalizes after the menopausal stage in women. In this study, the reason for the increasing sudden post-menopausal death rate in women was investigated experimentally.Öğe Delivering Growth Factors through a Polymeric Scaffold to Cell Cultures Containing both Nucleus Pulposus and Annulus Fibrosus(Turkish Neurosurgical Soc, 2019) Akyuva, Yener; Kaplan, Necati; Yılmaz, İbrahim; Özbek, Hanefi; Yasar Sirin, Duygu; Karaaslan, Numan; Guler, OlcayAIM: To design a novel, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based polymeric scaffold that permits the controlled release of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1)/bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2 following intervertebral disc administration. MATERIAL and METHODS: The drug delivery system was composed of two different solutions that formed a scaffold within seconds of coming into contact with each other. Swelling, pH, and temperature tests and analysis of the controlled release of growth factors (GFs) from this system were performed. The release kinetics of the GFs were determined through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Cell proliferation and viability were monitored with microscopy and analyzed using an MTT assay and acridine orange/propidium iodide (AO/PI) staining. Chondroadherin (CHAD), hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1 alpha), and collagen type II (COL2A1) gene expressions were determined with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis to show the effects of IGF-1/BMP-2 administration on annulus fibrosus cell (AFC)/nucleus pulposus cell (NPC) cultures. For the statistical evaluation of the obtained data, experimental groups were compared with a post hoc Tukey's test following an analysis of variance. RESULTS: The scaffold allowed for the controlled release of IGF-1 and BMP-2 in different time intervals. It was observed that as the application time increased, the number of cells and the degree of extracellular matrix development increased in AFC/NPC cultures. AO/PI staining and an MTT analysis showed that cells retained their specific morphology and continued to proliferate. It was observed that HIF-1 alpha and CHAD expression increased in a time-dependent manner, and no COL2A1 expression in the AFC/NPC cultures was observed. CONCLUSION: The designed scaffold may be used as an alternative method for intervertebral disc administration of GFs after further in vivo studies. Such prototype scaffolds may be an innovative technology in targeted drug therapies after reconstructive neurosurgical interventions.Öğe Systematic Evaluation of Desmopressin Administered to Patients with Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in the Light of the Literature(Turkish Neurosurgical Soc, 2020) Karaarslan, Numan; Yılmaz, İbrahim; Akgun, Feride Sinem; Çalışkan, Tezcan; Özbek, Hanefi; Ateş, ÖzkanAIM: To discuss the management of patients with the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) developing after subarachnoid hemorrhage, in a comparative manner in the light of the literature. MATERIAL and METHODS: Without country or language restrictions, articles with high evidential value found in electronic databases were compared to our patients' data. RESULTS: After the literature review, three articles were included for systematic evaluation. Desmopressin was administered to the patients for the treatment of hyponatremia, volume contraction, and negative sodium balance caused by SIADH. However, it was not used for preventing re-bleeding. CONCLUSION: To prevent the development of this complication (SIADH), the use of desmopressin, an analogue of vasopressin, is important in routine clinical practice.
