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    Investigation of photovoltaic-hydrogen power system for a real house in Turkey: Hydrogen blending to natural gas effects on system design
    (Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2021) Ozcelep, Yasin; Bekdas, Gebrail; Apak, Sudi
    In the study, the effects of hydrogen mixing studies at the rate of 20% to the natural gas system which is an ongoing study in Turkey, on the photovoltaic system (PV) is investi-gated using a real house consumption. Providing the annual electrical energy consumption (1936,83 kWh) and 20% of natural gas consumption (62,4 m(3)) of a real house with hydrogen is included in the study. A PV-hydrogen system is theoretically investigated to provide the energy required for hydrogen production from solar panels. Hydrogen blending effects on PV size, capacity usage, and carbon footprint are analyzed. Thus, the contribution was also made to the green hydrogen works and reduction of the carbon footprint of the house. It was found that the required hydrogen for electricity can be provided 52,5 m(2) solar panel area and 14,28% increase in this area and installed power can provide an amount of hydrogen that need for 20% hydrogen blending to the natural gas system. The overall system capacity usage decreased when the system is used for 20% hydrogen blending to the natural gas system. The carbon footprint of the house was decreased by 67,5%. If the hydrogen has not been blended with 20% natural gas, this ratio would have been 59,2%. (c) 2021 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    Meeting the electricity demand for the heating of greenhouses with hydrogen: Solar photovoltaic-hydrogen-heat pump system application in Turkey
    (Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2023) Ozcelep, Yasin; Bekdas, Gebrail; Apak, Sudi
    Providing the heating system with coal in greenhouses causes harmful results in terms of carbon emissions. In this study, analyzes were performed to meet the electrical energy required for the heating system with a heat pump from a solar photovoltaic-hydrogen system. For floor area 25000 m2 where greenhouses the required energy is obtained directly from hydrogen without using a heat pump 3000 m2 solar panel area required. The use of a heat pump reduces energy needs but it is also not feasible for large greenhouses. For convenience, a solar photovoltaic-hydrogen-heat pump system analysis was also made for 1000 m2 floor area greenhouses and it is found that the 24 m2 solar panel area is adequate in terms of meeting energy demand. Using a solar-hydrogen-heat pump system reduces carbon emissions by 86.5 tons per 1000 m2 floor area greenhouse. Considering the hydrogen storage system becomes unfeasible. We normalized the greenhouse floor area to 1 m2 and proposed reference values for hydrogen to be produced in 1 h, storage, and PV area. In addition, an analysis was made for the use of hydrogen energy for greenhouses that do not require a heating system and only work with a water pump. (c) 2022 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.