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Öğe MUCILAGE IN THE MARMARA SEA VERSUS BLACK SEA's H2S; HYDROGEN ENERGY PRODUCTION OPPORTUNITIES(International Association for Hydrogen Energy, IAHE, 2022) Atay, Erhan; Apak, SudiHydrogen energy is among alternative solutions to energy shortage regarding the aspects of being environmentally clean, economic and efficient. In this context, Turkey's energy demand, which cannot be met by our country and will not be able to be met by local resources in the 2020s. Therefore, Turkey should turn to renewable energy sources as soon as possible, especially hydrogen energy to be obtained from the Black Sea, as well as a new type of energy that can be obtained by turning the mucilage crisis in the Sea of Marmara into an opportunity. In addition, the conversion of these organic wastes in the Marmara Sea into hydrogen energy as a renewable energy source will be an innovative and high added value solution method. Our aim in this study is to bring up the hydrogen energy potential in the Black Sea and Marmara Sea's mucilage crises to investigate the contribution of hydrogen energy to our economy by eliminating the energy deficit. © 2022 Proceedings of WHEC 2022 - 23rd World Hydrogen Energy Conference: Bridging Continents by H2. All rights reserved.Öğe Renewable hydrogen energy and energy efficiency in Turkey in the 21st century(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2017) Apak, Sudi; Atay, Erhan; Tuncer, GungorEarth does not have an equal distribution of energy sources. Despite the advances in renewable energy, fossil fuels seem to continue to dominate the energy sector in near future. Hydrogen energy is seen as a renewable power system that is an alternatively convenient storage and transmission vector. The present study aims to contribute to the discussion on the implementation of the hydrogen power plants through encouraging state sector investments in renewable energy and private sector investments in hydrogen energy. In this respect, the contribution of hydrogen energy to energy efficiency is that it can reveal the potential of suitable and sustainable energy as a natural source at a competitive price in the future. The study also aims to contribute to energy efficiency by emphasizing the significance of maintaining an international strategic planning process for public and private sector officials to accelerate the effective development of the hydrogen economy infrastructure. The study also underlines that it is essential for the governments to encourage initiatives concerning renewable energy and fuel cell in the process of transition to hydrogen economy in the 21st century. (C) 2016 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe The European Union and Turkey’s Renewable Resources Versus Fossil Energy for the Sustainable Future(Springer Nature, 2024) Atay, Erhan; Apak, SudiFor all the advances being made by renewables and electric mobility, 2021 is seeing a large rebound in coalCoal and oilOil use. Largely for this reason, it is also seeing the second-largest annual increase in CO2 emissionsCO2 emissions in history. In this regard, the energy sector has to be at the heart of the solution to climate changeClimate change. Looking ahead to meeting our climate goals, which constitute avoiding to the greatest extent possible the worst effects of climate changeClimate change, we need deep decarbonizationDecarbonization. Therefore, as a radical solution the global warmingGlobal warming, the Paris Climate Agreement, made as part of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate ChangeClimate change, set a common goal among all signatories. Fortunately, new government in USA has changed its position toward acceptance of the Paris accord. At the same time, TurkeyTurkiye is trying to bring the Paris Agreement to the agenda and ratified the previously signed agreement. For the sustainable developmentSustainable development, hydrogen economy can be an intrinsic energy carrier to an energy system that uses renewable resources, thereby enabling a complete replacement of the fossil fuelsFossil fuel systems. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.